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Frecuencia de la atopia en el Ártico en 1987 y 1998
Tyra Krause1, Anders Koch, Jeppe Friborg
1Department of Epidemiology Research, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. tgv@ssi.dk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 21, 2002
Resumen
La frecuencia de la atopia, una condición alérgica, se duplicó en los groenlandeses entre 1987 y 1998. Este aumento en la atopia sugiere que los factores ambientales, no solo las exposiciones infantiles, contribuyen a su desarrollo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina Ambiental La medicina ambiental es una medicina que tiene que ver con el ambiente.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Existen datos objetivos limitados sobre la prevalencia de la atopia en regiones no industrializadas.
- Estudios previos sobre la frecuencia de la atopia se han centrado principalmente en las naciones industrializadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar el cambio en la frecuencia de la atopia en la población de Groenlandia durante un período de 11 años.
- Investigar la distribución por edades de la prevalencia de la atopia en Groenlandia.
Principales métodos:
- Se analizaron muestras de suero de 859 groenlandeses de edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 80 años a partir de las pruebas de detección de la población de 1987 y 1998.
- La atopia fue definida por los niveles específicos de inmunoglobulina E (IgE) contra ocho alérgenos inhalados comunes.
- El análisis estadístico incluyó el cálculo de ratios de riesgo e intervalos de confianza.
Principales resultados:
- La prevalencia de la atopia aumentó significativamente del 10% en 1987 al 19% en 1998 (proporción de riesgo 1,88).
- Esta duplicación de la frecuencia de la atopia se observó en varios grupos de edad, incluidos los adultos mayores.
- El aumento fue más pronunciado en el grupo de edad de 15 a 19 años.
Conclusiones:
- La prevalencia de la atopia ha aumentado notablemente en la población groenlandesa durante una década.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que los factores de riesgo para la atopia pueden extenderse más allá de la exposición en la primera infancia.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación sobre las influencias ambientales en el desarrollo de la atopia en diversas poblaciones.
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