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Un marco racional para la toma de decisiones por el Instituto Nacional para la Excelencia Clínica (NICE)
Karl Claxton1, Mark Sculpher, Michael Drummond
1Department of Economics and Related Studies, University of York, Heslington, York, UK. kpc1@york.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 21, 2002
Resumen
Este estudio introduce un nuevo marco para ayudar a las autoridades sanitarias a decidir cuándo adoptar nuevas tecnologías sanitarias basadas en la evidencia. Guía las decisiones sobre si aprobar una tecnología o exigir más investigación para futuras evaluaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía de la salud economía de la salud.
- Evaluación de la tecnología sanitaria evaluación de la tecnología sanitaria.
- La ciencia reguladora es una ciencia reguladora.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los organismos reguladores y de reembolso se enfrentan a desafíos en la adopción de nuevas tecnologías de la salud debido a la incertidumbre de la evidencia.
- Las decisiones sobre la adopción de la tecnología a menudo confunden la suficiencia de la evidencia con la necesidad de más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un marco analítico para la evaluación de las tecnologías sanitarias.
- Diferenciar entre las decisiones de adopción basadas en la evidencia actual y la demanda de investigación futura.
- Orientar a las autoridades reguladoras y de reembolso en sus procesos de toma de decisiones.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrolló un marco analítico para separar las decisiones de adopción de las demandas de investigación.
- Aplicó el marco a un estudio de caso que involucra un nuevo tratamiento farmacológico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
- Utilizó un análisis publicado para la aplicación de estudio de caso.
Principales resultados:
- El marco demuestra que los requisitos de evidencia varían significativamente en función de las características de la tecnología.
- La cantidad y el tipo de evidencia necesaria difieren sustancialmente entre las tecnologías de la salud.
- El marco ayuda en el diseño eficiente de futuros estudios de investigación.
Conclusiones:
- El marco propuesto ofrece un enfoque estructurado para la evaluación de tecnologías de la salud.
- Proporciona claridad para las decisiones regulatorias y de reembolso con respecto a la adopción de tecnología.
- El marco apoya la toma de decisiones basada en la evidencia y optimiza la inversión en investigación.
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