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Disorders of Erythrocytes
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La actividad del nervio simpático en la enfermedad renal terminal
Martin Hausberg1, Markus Kosch, Patrick Harmelink
1Department of Medicine D, University of Münster, Münster, Germany. hausber@uni-muenster.de
Circulation
|October 9, 2002
Resumen
El trasplante de riñón no reduce la actividad del nervio simpático (SNA) en pacientes con riñones nativos. Las señales de los riñones nativos enfermos, no la uremia, impulsan este aumento del SNA, lo que afecta a los pacientes con insuficiencia renal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Nefrología Nefrología.
- Fisiología cardiovascular fisiología cardiovascular.
- Medicina del trasplante Medicina del trasplante
Sus antecedentes:
- La uremia está asociada con un aumento de la actividad del nervio simpático (SNA) en pacientes en hemodiálisis.
- El papel de los riñones nativos en el mantenimiento de niveles elevados de SNA después del trasplante renal no está claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar si el trasplante de riñón (RTX) revierte el aumento del SNA en pacientes urémicos.
- Determinar si las señales de los riñones nativos enfermos contribuyen al aumento del SNA en la insuficiencia renal.
Principales métodos:
- Comparación de la actividad muscular del nervio simpático (MSNA) en pacientes en hemodiálisis, receptores de RTX (con y sin riñones nativos) y controles sanos.
- MSNA evaluado antes y después de RTX, y después de la nefrectomía bilateral en pacientes con RTX.
Principales resultados:
- El MSNA se mantuvo elevado en pacientes con RTX con riñones nativos, similar a los pacientes con hemodiálisis.
- Los pacientes con RTX que se sometieron a una nefrectomía bilateral mostraron una reducción significativa de MSNA.
- MSNA no disminuyó después de RTX en pacientes que conservaron sus riñones nativos.
Conclusiones:
- El SNA elevado persiste en receptores de trasplante renal con riñones nativos, independientemente de la corrección de la uremia.
- Las señales que se originan en los riñones nativos, independientemente de las toxinas urémicas, parecen mediar un aumento del SNA.
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