Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
![The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F54498.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
12:43
The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
Published on: November 28, 2016
Química de coordinación de los cationes de plata
Brigitte S Fox1, Martin K Beyer, Vladimir E Bondybey
1Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 7, 2002
Resumen
Los cationes de plata (Ag+) exhiben una coordinación variable en diferentes disolventes. Este estudio revela las reacciones de intercambio de ligandos en grupos de plata amonizada e hidratada, destacando los factores que influyen en la formación de complejos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Coordinación Química de la Coordinación
- Química computacional es la química computacional.
- Química Física es la química física.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cationes de plata (Ag+) suelen mostrar una coordinación tetraédrica en disolventes puros.
- En presencia de ligandos como el amoníaco, Ag + forma complejos lineales, a menudo atribuidos a la hibridación sd.
- La comprensión de los factores que rigen la coordinación de Ag + en sistemas de disolventes mixtos es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las reacciones de intercambio de ligandos de cationes de plata amoniacados con agua.
- Para explorar la reacción complementaria de cationes de plata hidratados con amoníaco.
- Para dilucidar los factores que controlan la coordinación de cationes de plata en grupos de disolventes mixtos.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó la espectrometría de masas de resonancia ciclotrónica de iones con transformación de Fourier (FT-ICR) para estudiar las reacciones de racimo.
- Se realizaron cálculos de la Teoría Funcional de Densidad (DFT) para complementar los hallazgos experimentales.
- Reacciones investigadas de Ag+(NH3) n (n=11-23) con H2O y Ag+(H2O) n (n=25-45) con NH3.
Principales resultados:
- Las reacciones de intercambio de ligandos conducen a grupos con un número limitado de ligandos de amoníaco.
- Los grupos de plata amonizada pierden rápidamente ligandos hasta que quedan dos o tres NH3, con una pérdida más lenta de un ligando adicional.
- Los racimos de plata hidratada absorben rápidamente hasta cinco ligandos de amoníaco, con una absorción ineficiente de un sexto.
Conclusiones:
- Un delicado equilibrio de efectos en competencia gobierna la coordinación de los cationes de plata.
- Los factores clave incluyen la preferencia de Ag + por la hibridación sd, su polarización de los ligandos que afectan el enlace de hidrógeno y la formación de redes de disolventes.
- Estos factores explican colectivamente las disparidades de coordinación observadas en los sistemas de disolventes mixtos.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
03:03Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Chemical substances interact in many different ways. Certain chemical reactions exhibit common patterns of reactivity. Due to the vast number of chemical reactions, it becomes necessary to classify them based on the observed patterns of interaction.
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
02:54Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
02:42Valence Bond Theory
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
00:56Extraction: Advanced Methods
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...