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La cantidad de carbono liberada por la turba y los incendios forestales en Indonesia durante 1997
Susan E Page1, Florian Siegert, John O Rieley
1Department of Geography, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. sep5@le.ac.uk
Nature
|November 8, 2002
Resumen
Las turberas tropicales almacenan vastas reservas de carbono, cruciales para la estabilidad climática. Los incendios en las turberas indonesias durante 1997 liberaron carbono significativo, impactando los niveles globales de dióxido de carbono atmosférico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las turberas tropicales son importantes sumideros de carbono terrestres.
- Los bosques pantanosos de turba están amenazados por el drenaje y la deforestación.
- El fenómeno de El Niño de 1997 causó incendios generalizados en las turberas de Indonesia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar las emisiones de carbono de los incendios de las turberas de Indonesia en 1997.
- Evaluar el impacto de estas emisiones en los ciclos globales de carbono.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de imágenes satelitales de un área de 2,5 millones de hectáreas en Kalimantan Central.
- Mediciones en el suelo de la profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba. profundidad de la quema de la turba.
- Extrapolación de los hallazgos a todo el archipiélago indonesio.
Principales resultados:
- El 32% del área de estudio se quemó, siendo el 91,5% de la superficie quemada turberas.
- La combustión de la turba liberó un estimado de 0.190.23 gigatoneladas de carbono.
- La liberación total de carbono de los incendios de turba y vegetación de Indonesia en 1997 osciló entre 0,81 y 2,57 gigatoneladas.
Conclusiones:
- Los incendios de turberas indonesias en 1997 fueron una fuente importante de emisiones globales de carbono.
- Estas emisiones representaron entre el 13 y el 40% de las emisiones anuales mundiales de combustibles fósiles.
- Los incendios contribuyeron al mayor aumento registrado en la concentración de CO2 atmosférico.
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