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La causa de la disminución de la evaporación en los últimos 50 años
Michael L Roderick1, Graham D Farquhar
1Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Accounting, Research School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 16, 2002
Resumen
El calentamiento global paradójicamente disminuye la evaporación terrestre debido al aumento de la cubierta de nubes y los aerosoles, a pesar del aire más cálido. Esto tiene un impacto en el ciclo global del agua, afectando al medio ambiente y a las economías.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Hidrología Hidrología Hidrología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cambios globales en el ciclo del agua tienen importantes consecuencias ambientales y socioeconómicas.
- Se espera que el aumento de las temperaturas globales aumente la sequedad del aire y la evaporación terrestre.
- Observaciones terrestres contradictorias en los últimos 50 años muestran una disminución de la evaporación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explicar la disminución observada en la evaporación terrestre.
- Para conciliar las expectativas de calentamiento climático con las observaciones del mundo real.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de observación terrestre de los últimos 50 años.
- Análisis de correlación entre las tasas de evaporación, la luz solar, la cobertura de nubes y la concentración de aerosoles.
Principales resultados:
- La evaporación terrestre ha disminuido en los últimos 50 años.
- Esta disminución se correlaciona con las reducciones observadas en la luz solar.
- La reducción de la luz solar se atribuye al aumento de la cobertura de nubes y la concentración de aerosoles.
Conclusiones:
- La disminución observada en la evaporación terrestre se explica por el aumento de la nubosidad y los aerosoles.
- Estos factores reducen la luz solar, contrarrestando el aumento evaporativo esperado del calentamiento global.
- Comprender estas complejas interacciones es crucial para predecir futuros cambios en el ciclo del agua.
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