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El consumo de nueces y mantequilla de maní y el riesgo de diabetes tipo 2 en mujeres
Rui Jiang1, JoAnn E Manson, Meir J Stampfer
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. rjiang@hsph.harvard.edu
JAMA
|November 28, 2002
Resumen
El consumo regular de nueces y mantequilla de maní puede reducir significativamente el riesgo de desarrollar diabetes tipo 2 en las mujeres. Este cambio en la dieta puede ser un sustituto saludable para las opciones de alimentos menos nutritivos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La epidemiología nutricional.
- Prevención de enfermedades crónicas Prevención de enfermedades crónicas.
- Salud Metabólica La salud metabólica es la salud metabólica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las nueces son ricas en grasas insaturadas y nutrientes beneficiosos para la regulación de la glucosa y la insulina.
- Los patrones dietéticos influyen significativamente en el riesgo de desarrollar diabetes tipo 2.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar prospectivamente la asociación entre el consumo de nueces y la incidencia de diabetes tipo 2.
- Evaluar el impacto de la ingesta de nueces en el riesgo de diabetes en una gran cohorte de mujeres.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte prospectivo en el que participaron 83.818 mujeres del Estudio de Salud de las Enfermeras.
- Los hábitos dietéticos evaluados a través de cuestionarios validados al inicio, con un período de seguimiento de 16 años.
- Los casos incidentes de diabetes tipo 2 fueron meticulosamente documentados.
Principales resultados:
- El mayor consumo de nueces mostró una asociación inversa significativa con el riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.
- El consumo de 28 g de nueces cinco o más veces por semana redujo el riesgo en un 27% (RR = 0,73).
- El consumo de mantequilla de maní también demostró un efecto protector, con una reducción del riesgo del 21% (RR = 0,79) para una alta ingesta.
Conclusiones:
- El aumento de la ingesta de nueces y mantequilla de maní puede ofrecer beneficios protectores contra la diabetes tipo 2 en las mujeres.
- Recomendar el consumo de frutos secos como sustituto de los granos refinados o las carnes procesadas puede ayudar en el manejo calórico.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la incorporación de nueces en las estrategias dietéticas para la prevención de la diabetes.
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