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Las dietas óptimas para la prevención de la enfermedad coronaria
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. frank.hu@channing.harvard.edu
JAMA
|November 28, 2002
Resumen
Los cambios en la dieta pueden prevenir la enfermedad coronaria (CHD). Concéntrese en las grasas insaturadas, los ácidos grasos omega-3 y los alimentos integrales como frutas y verduras para la salud del corazón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
- La ciencia nutricional es una ciencia nutricional.
- Salud pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad coronaria (CHD) es una de las principales causas mundiales de mortalidad.
- La identificación de estrategias dietéticas efectivas para la prevención de ECC es fundamental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la evidencia sobre la dieta y la prevención de las enfermedades coronarias.
- Datos de ensayos metabólicos, epidemiológicos y clínicos examinados.
Principales métodos:
- Buscado MEDLINE para estudios sobre factores dietéticos y CHD.
- Incluyó 147 investigaciones y revisiones de estudios metabólicos, epidemiológicos y de intervención.
- Los datos fueron evaluados por su relevancia y calidad.
Principales resultados:
- La sustitución de grasas insaturadas por grasas saturadas/trans es efectiva.
- El aumento de la ingesta de ácidos grasos omega-3 es beneficioso.
- Las dietas ricas en frutas, verduras, nueces y granos enteros son protectoras.
Conclusiones:
- Las dietas que enfatizan las grasas insaturadas, los granos enteros, las frutas, las verduras y los omega-3 ofrecen una protección significativa contra la enfermedad coronaria.
- Estas dietas, combinadas con opciones de estilo de vida saludable, pueden prevenir la mayoría de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en las poblaciones occidentales.
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