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Las respuestas de las praderas a los cambios ambientales globales son suprimidas por el CO2 elevado.
M Rebecca Shaw1, Erika S Zavaleta, Nona R Chiariello
1Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. shaw@globalecology.stanford.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 10, 2002
Resumen
Los cambios globales como el calentamiento y el aumento de las precipitaciones impulsan la producción primaria neta (PPN) de las praderas. Sin embargo, el dióxido de carbono elevado puede suprimir el crecimiento de las raíces, reduciendo estos efectos positivos en experimentos multifactoriales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencia de los Ecosistemas Ciencia de los Ecosistemas
- Cambio Global Biología Biología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ecosistemas se enfrentan a múltiples impulsores de cambio global simultáneos.
- Comprender los efectos interactivos es crucial para predecir la función futura del ecosistema.
- Los pastizales anuales de California son sensibles a los cambios climáticos y atmosféricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los efectos independientes e interactivos de los cambios globales simulados en la producción primaria neta (PPN).
- Evaluar el papel del dióxido de carbono elevado en la modificación de las respuestas de los ecosistemas a otros factores de cambio global.
- Para resaltar la importancia de los diseños experimentales multifactoriales.
Principales métodos:
- Las manipulaciones a escala de ecosistemas se llevaron a cabo en un prado anual de California.
- Los tratamientos incluyeron calentamiento, aumento de la precipitación, deposición de nitrógeno y dióxido de carbono elevado, aplicados individualmente y en combinación.
- La producción primaria neta (PPN) y la asignación de raíz se midieron durante tres años.
Principales resultados:
- El calentamiento simulado, el aumento de las precipitaciones y la deposición de nitrógeno aumentaron individualmente las centrales nucleares en el tercer año.
- El aumento del dióxido de carbono aumentó el NPP sólo cuando se aplica como un solo factor.
- En los tratamientos multifactoriales, el dióxido de carbono elevado suprimió la asignación de raíces, disminuyendo los impactos positivos de otros factores de cambio global en las centrales nucleares.
Conclusiones:
- Las respuestas de los ecosistemas a los cambios globales que interactúan son complejas y no simplemente suman los efectos de un solo factor.
- El dióxido de carbono elevado puede tener un efecto supresor en la asignación de raíces, contrarrestando los beneficios de otros impulsores del cambio global.
- Los enfoques experimentales multifactoriales son esenciales para predecir con precisión las respuestas de los ecosistemas al cambio global.
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