Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
08:10
Rescue of Recombinant Zika Virus from a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome cDNA Clone
Published on: June 24, 2019
El acceso a los medicamentos antirretrovirales en Brasil
1Fogarty International AIDS Training Programme, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. jgalvao@uclink.berkeley.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|December 14, 2002
Resumen
Brasil ofrece tratamiento gratuito para el VIH/SIDA, pero enfrenta desafíos en la adquisición y distribución de medicamentos. Las lecciones aprendidas de esta política de acceso universal ofrecen ideas para las estrategias globales de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Política de salud Política de salud
- Gestión Farmacéutica de la Gestión Farmacéutica
Sus antecedentes:
- El Ministerio de Salud de Brasil ha proporcionado tratamiento antirretroviral (ARV) gratuito y universal para las personas que viven con VIH / SIDA desde 1996.
- La aplicación de esta política se ha encontrado con importantes obstáculos políticos, financieros y logísticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el contexto histórico y la evolución de la política de tratamiento ARV de Brasil.
- Para analizar la logística de distribución de drogas y las estrategias de adquisición gubernamental para los ARV en Brasil.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis histórico de las políticas.
- Examen de los sistemas de adquisición y distribución de drogas.
- Revisión de las estrategias gubernamentales y las disputas internacionales.
Principales resultados:
- Brasil produce muchos ARVs en el país, mientras que importa medicamentos caros.
- El éxito de la política se ve cuestionado por los altos costos de adquisición de medicamentos, lo que lleva a disputas de precios y patentes con las compañías farmacéuticas.
Conclusiones:
- La política de acceso a los ARV de Brasil, a pesar de los éxitos, se enfrenta a amenazas continuas por los costos de los medicamentos.
- La experiencia brasileña ofrece valiosas lecciones para implementar el tratamiento universal del VIH/SIDA a nivel mundial.
Palabras clave:
Atención médica y salud pública.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
02:56Treatment Resistent Cancers
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
01:30Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
01:25Inhibitors Of Virion Release
Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
01:22Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors
Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
01:21Antiprotozoal Agents
Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...