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The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
Deterioro cognitivo leve en personas mayores
Alistair Burns1, Michael Zaudig
1University of Manchester, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK. a_burns@man.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 21, 2002
Resumen
El deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) es un indicador clave para el riesgo de enfermedad de Alzheimer. La identificación temprana de la MCI ofrece la oportunidad de prevenir la demencia y reducir su impacto social.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología Neurología.
- Medicina Geriátrica La medicina geriátrica es una especialidad de la medicina geriátrica.
- Ciencias Cognitivas Ciencias Cognitivas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de la conciencia pública sobre la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) lleva a más preocupaciones relacionadas con la memoria.
- Las quejas de memoria pueden derivarse de diversas afecciones y son un síntoma temprano de demencia.
- El deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) describe la pérdida de memoria no lo suficientemente grave para el diagnóstico de demencia, pero indica un alto riesgo de AD.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar la precisión diagnóstica de la resonancia magnética, la volumetría del hipocampo y la espectroscopia.
- Para diferenciar entre individuos con MCI, controles normales y pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer.
- Explorar el potencial de la MCI como objetivo para las estrategias de prevención de la demencia.
Principales métodos:
- Volumetría del hipocampo por resonancia magnética (MR). volumen del hipocampo.
- Espectroscopia de MR (relaciones entre N-acetil aspartato y creatina).
- Análisis comparativo entre los grupos de MCI, normal y AD.
Principales resultados:
- Los volúmenes del hipocampo y la espectroscopia de N-acetil aspartato/creatina fueron sensibles para distinguir el MCI de la EA.
- Las evaluaciones combinadas de MR mejoraron la discriminación entre MCI / AD y controles normales.
- Las características histopatológicas de la EA están presentes en una porción significativa de individuos sin demencia clínica.
Conclusiones:
- MCI representa un estado crítico de pre-demencia con alto riesgo de enfermedad de Alzheimer.
- La identificación temprana de la MCI es crucial para desarrollar e implementar estrategias de prevención de la demencia.
- La validación adicional de los criterios de MCI y los estudios de intervención son prioridades para reducir la carga individual y social de la demencia.
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