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Binge drinking entre los adultos estadounidenses.

Timothy S Naimi1, Robert D Brewer, Ali Mokdad

  • 1Alcohol Team, Emerging Investigations, and Analytic Methods Branch , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. tbn7@cdc.gov

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El consumo excesivo de alcohol, definido como el consumo de cinco o más bebidas alcohólicas a la vez, ha aumentado en los Estados Unidos. Esta tendencia está relacionada con una mayor probabilidad de conducir con discapacidad entre los adultos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Salud Pública La salud pública.
  • Epidemiología La epidemiología.
  • Investigación sobre el abuso de sustancias Investigación sobre el abuso de sustancias.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El consumo excesivo de alcohol, caracterizado por el consumo de 5 o más bebidas alcohólicas en una sola sesión, se asocia con deterioro agudo y resultados adversos para la salud.
  • La prevalencia del consumo excesivo de alcohol en los Estados Unidos parece estar en aumento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para cuantificar los episodios de consumo excesivo de alcohol entre los adultos estadounidenses de 1993-2001.
  • Para caracterizar a las personas que participan en el consumo excesivo de alcohol.
  • Para describir las variaciones geográficas en el consumo excesivo de alcohol en los estados y regiones.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo Comportamental (BRFSS), una encuesta telefónica anual de adultos estadounidenses de 18 años o más.
  • El tamaño de la muestra varió de 102.263 en 1993 a 212.510 en 2001.
  • Prevalencia medida del consumo excesivo de alcohol, número de episodios y episodios por persona por año.

Principales resultados:

  • El total de episodios de consumo excesivo de alcohol aumentó de 1.2 a 1.5 mil millones entre 1993 y 2001.
  • Los episodios de consumo excesivo de alcohol por persona por año aumentaron un 17% (6,3 a 7,4) durante el período de estudio, con un aumento significativo del 35% desde 1995.
  • Los hombres constituyeron el 81% de los episodios; mientras que el más alto entre los 18-25 años de edad, el 69% de los episodios involucraron a adultos de 26 años o más. Los bebedores moderados representaron el 73% de los bebedores compulsivos.
  • Los bebedores compulsivos tenían 14 veces más probabilidades de conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol en comparación con los no bebedores compulsivos.

Conclusiones:

  • El consumo excesivo de alcohol es frecuente en diversas poblaciones adultas en los Estados Unidos, incluidas las mayores de 26 años.
  • La frecuencia de los episodios de borrachera per cápita ha aumentado, especialmente después de 1995.
  • El consumo excesivo de alcohol está fuertemente correlacionado con la conducción bajo los efectos del alcohol, lo que requiere la adopción generalizada de intervenciones preventivas y la detección del abuso de alcohol.