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Años de vida perdidos debido a la obesidad
Kevin R Fontaine1, David T Redden, Chenxi Wang
1Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md, USA.
JAMA
|January 9, 2003
Resumen
La obesidad reduce significativamente la esperanza de vida, especialmente en los adultos más jóvenes. Este estudio cuantifica los años de vida perdidos (YLL) debido al exceso de peso, destacando las disparidades entre la edad, la raza y el sexo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- La bioestadística es la bioestadística.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las campañas de salud pública sobre los peligros de la obesidad han sido ineficaces.
- Comprender el impacto de la obesidad en la esperanza de vida es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para estimar los años de vida perdidos esperados (YLL) debido al sobrepeso y la obesidad en adultos.
- Para analizar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y YLL a lo largo de la vida.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de las tablas de vida de EE.UU., NHANES III y NHANES I/II estudios de seguimiento.
- YLL calculado para adultos de 18 a 85 años de edad utilizando categorías de IMC definidas.
- Se estableció un IMC de referencia de 24 para la comparación.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron diferencias significativas de raza y sexo en YLL.
- Encontró un rango óptimo de IMC de 23-25 para los blancos y 23-30 para los negros para la longevidad.
- Los adultos más jóvenes experimentaron una mayor YLL por sobrepeso / obesidad en comparación con los adultos mayores.
Conclusiones:
- La obesidad reduce notablemente la esperanza de vida, especialmente en las poblaciones más jóvenes.
- La obesidad grave puede conducir a reducciones sustanciales en la esperanza de vida restante.
- Los rangos óptimos de IMC para la longevidad varían según la raza y la edad.
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