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Radiación energética producida durante un rayo disparado por un cohete
Joseph R Dwyer1, Martin A Uman, Hamid K Rassoul
1Department of Physics and Space Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 1, 2003
Resumen
Se detectaron intensos estallidos de radiación durante la fase de líder de dardo de un rayo. Esto sugiere que los electrones fuera de control son cruciales en los procesos de rayos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física de la atmósfera física de la atmósfera.
- La física del plasma es la física del plasma.
- El electromagnetismo es el electromagnetismo.
Sus antecedentes:
- El rayo es una descarga eléctrica atmosférica compleja.
- La fase líder del dardo precede al golpe de retorno en algunos eventos de rayos.
- El papel de las partículas energéticas en la iniciación de rayos no se entiende completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la radiación energética durante la fase de lanzamiento de un rayo disparado por un cohete.
- Para determinar si la producción de electrones fuera de control es significativa en un rayo.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un detector de cintillación de yoduro de sodio (activado con talio) [NaI (Tl) ].
- Desplegó el detector en entornos eléctricamente ruidosos.
- Explosiones de radiación energética medidas (< 10 kiloelectronvoltios) durante un rayo disparado por un cohete.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron ráfagas de radiación intensa en 31 de los 37 golpes de retorno medidos.
- Las ráfagas se produjeron durante la fase de líder de dardos, justo antes o al comienzo del golpe de retorno.
- Las duradas típicas de las ráfagas eran de menos de 100 microsegundos, depositando decenas de megaelectrones voltios.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos proporcionan una fuerte evidencia de la producción de electrones fuera de control durante un rayo.
- Los electrones fugitivos son probablemente un proceso importante en la iniciación y propagación del rayo.
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