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Eric W McFarland¹, Jing Tang

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, USA. mcfar@engineering.ucsb.edu

|February 7, 2003

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo dispositivo fotovoltaico multicapa donde la absorción de luz se produce en los fotorreceptores, lo que permite una transferencia eficiente de electrones para la conversión de energía solar. Este enfoque ofrece un camino prometedor hacia las células solares duraderas y de bajo costo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
Física del estado sólido Física del estado sólido
Energía renovable Energía renovable.

Sus antecedentes:

Las células solares convencionales se basan en la absorción masiva de semiconductores y campos eléctricos para la separación de cargas.
La búsqueda de dispositivos fotovoltaicos rentables y eficientes ha estado en curso desde la década de 1950.
Las tecnologías existentes se enfrentan a desafíos en costos, durabilidad y eficiencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para introducir una nueva estructura de dispositivo fotovoltaico multicapa.
Explorar un mecanismo alternativo para la conversión de energía fotovoltaica.
Demostrar el potencial de las células solares duraderas y de bajo costo.

Principales métodos:

Fabricación de un dispositivo multicapa con fotorreceptores en un diodo de Schottky de unión de metal semiconductor ultradelgado.
Utilizando el transporte de electrones balísticos sobre una barrera de Schottky para la generación de fotocorriente.
Caracterización del rendimiento del dispositivo bajo iluminación de luz visible.

Principales resultados:

La absorción de fotones ocurre en los fotorreceptores de superficie, no en el semiconductor.
Los electrones fotoexcitados viajan balísticamente a través de los metales nobles hasta la barrera de Schottky.
Los dispositivos lograron fotovoltaias de circuito abierto de 600-800 mV y fotocorrientes de 10-18 micro A cm ((-2).
La eficiencia cuántica interna alcanzó el 10%.

Conclusiones:

Este enfoque alternativo fotovoltaico utiliza la absorción superficial y el transporte de electrones balísticos.
El papel del semiconductor se limita al transporte y separación de la carga mayoritaria.
La estructura propuesta ofrece potencial para el desarrollo de células solares duraderas y de bajo costo a partir de diversos materiales.