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Génesis del terrorismo suicida y el terrorismo suicida
1CNRS-Institut Jean Nicod, 1 bis Avenue Lowendal, 75007 Paris, France, and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA. satran@umich.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 8, 2003
Resumen
Los terroristas suicidas del Medio Oriente son a menudo erróneamente estereotipados. La investigación muestra que carecen de psicopatología y son similares en educación y estatus económico a sus compañeros, lo que sugiere que las estrategias de prevención basadas en la comunidad son clave.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social Psicología social.
- Criminología de la Criminología.
- Estudios en el Medio Oriente Estudios en el Medio Oriente.
Sus antecedentes:
- La percepción pública a menudo retrata de manera inexacta a los terroristas suicidas como personas sin educación, empobrecidas y psicopatológicas.
- Los estereotipos no reconocen los complejos factores socioeconómicos y psicológicos que influyen en las personas involucradas en el terrorismo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desafiar los conceptos erróneos comunes sobre los antecedentes y el estado psicológico de los terroristas suicidas contemporáneos.
- Explorar enfoques alternativos y centrados en la comunidad para el reclutamiento antiterrorista.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de investigaciones recientes sobre los perfiles demográficos y psicológicos de los atacantes suicidas.
- Análisis de datos socioeconómicos que comparan a los terroristas con la población que los rodea.
Principales resultados:
- Los terroristas suicidas no exhiben ninguna psicopatología significativa.
- Los individuos educados y económicamente estables comprenden una parte notable de los atacantes suicidas.
- Los perfiles de los terroristas se alinean estrechamente con los de la población general en sus comunidades.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos requieren una reevaluación de los estereotipos simplistas que rodean a los terroristas suicidas.
- Las estrategias efectivas de lucha contra el terrorismo deben centrarse en la participación de la comunidad para reducir la susceptibilidad al reclutamiento.
- Comprender la naturaleza "ordinaria" de los reclutas es crucial para desarrollar programas de prevención específicos.
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