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Evolución de la virulencia en una metapoblación de planta huésped-patógeno
Peter H Thrall1, Jeremy J Burdon
1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)-Plant Industry, Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, General Post Office Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Peter.Thrall@csiro.au
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 15, 2003
Resumen
En las poblaciones de patógenos de lino silvestre y óxido, la virulencia del patógeno y la resistencia del huésped variaron localmente. La selección favorece diferentes cepas de patógenos basadas en la resistencia del huésped, consistente con los modelos de coevolución gen por gen.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Patología Vegetal Patología vegetal.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las interacciones entre plantas silvestres y patógenos son cruciales para la dinámica de los ecosistemas.
- La adaptación local en la resistencia del huésped y la virulencia del patógeno es común.
- Las interacciones gen por gen son un modelo clave para comprender la coevolución.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre la resistencia del huésped y la virulencia del patógeno en un sistema natural.
- Para determinar los patrones de distribución espacial de las cepas de patógenos.
- Para probar las predicciones de los modelos de coevolución gen por gen.
Principales métodos:
- Encuestas de campo de la resistencia del huésped y la virulencia del patógeno en las poblaciones locales.
- Inoculaciones experimentales para evaluar la aptitud del patógeno.
- Análisis de la distribución espacial y la estabilidad temporal de las cepas de patógenos.
Principales resultados:
- Variación significativa en la resistencia del huésped y la virulencia del patógeno entre las poblaciones.
- Correlación entre la alta resistencia del huésped y los patógenos ampliamente virulentos frecuentes.
- Evidencia de una compensación negativa entre la producción de esporas patógenas y la virulencia.
- La distribución espacial no aleatoria de los patógenos sugiere una fuerte selección local.
Conclusiones:
- La selección favorece a los patógenos virulentos en poblaciones de huéspedes resistentes y a las cepas avirulentas en poblaciones susceptibles.
- Las compensaciones son esenciales para mantener la variación genética y evitar que la virulencia del patógeno supere la resistencia del huésped.
- Los hallazgos apoyan los modelos gen por gen de la coevolución huésped-patógeno en los sistemas naturales.
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