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Published on: December 5, 2016

Las primeras salamandras conocidas del grupo de la corona son las salamandras más antiguas.

Ke-Qin Gao1, Neil H Shubin

  • 1School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Nature
|March 28, 2003
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las salamandras fósiles del Jurásico Medio de China revelan el más antiguo grupo de la corona urodeles conocido. Este descubrimiento retrasa el registro fósil de Cryptobranchidae en 100 millones de años.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Paleontología Paleontología.
  • Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
  • Zoología de los vertebrados Zoología de los vertebrados.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las salamandras son modelos clave para comprender la evolución de nuevas estructuras anatómicas.
  • Los recientes descubrimientos de salamandras del Jurásico Tardío y Cretácico Temprano informan los estudios evolutivos.
  • El registro fósil de las primeras salamandras, en particular las urodeles del grupo corona, sigue siendo incompletamente entendido.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para informar sobre el descubrimiento de salamandras del Jurásico Medio excepcionalmente preservadas de China.
  • Para establecer el registro fósil más antiguo conocido de urodeles del grupo de la corona (salamandras vivas y sus parientes más cercanos).
  • Investigar la historia evolutiva y la biogeografía de las primeras familias de salamandras.

Principales métodos:

  • Excavación y análisis de especímenes fósiles de la Formación Jiulongshan (Bathonian), Mongolia Interior, China.
  • Identificación paleontológica y colocación filogenética de las salamandras recién descubiertas.
  • Comparación de los datos fósiles con el conocimiento existente de la evolución de la salamandra y los registros fósiles.

Principales resultados:

  • Descubrimiento de salamandras del Jurásico Medio bien conservadas, que representan las más antiguas urodeles conocidas del grupo de la corona.
  • Identificación de estos fósiles como miembros basales de la familia Cryptobranchidae.
  • Los hallazgos extienden el registro mesozoico de Cryptobranchidae en aproximadamente 100 millones de años, precediendo a los registros anteriores.

Conclusiones:

  • El descubrimiento proporciona evidencia crítica para la evolución temprana y la diversificación de los urodeles en el Jurásico Medio.
  • Apoya la hipótesis de que los linajes Cryptobranchidae e Hynobiidae divergieron en Asia antes del Jurásico Medio.
  • Estos fósiles mejoran significativamente nuestra comprensión de la evolución temprana de la salamandra y los orígenes de la diversidad moderna de anfibios.