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Los genes orthodenticle y hunchback sustituyen el bicoide en el escarabajo Tribolium
1Interfakultäres Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Tübingen, Abt. Genetik der Tiere, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. reinhard.schroeder@uni-tuebingen.de
Nature
|April 11, 2003
Resumen
En los escarabajos Tribolium, el ortodenticulo-1 (otd-1) es esencial para el desarrollo de la cabeza, a diferencia de las moscas de la fruta. Su interacción con la jorobada (hb) es crucial para formar la cabeza, el tórax y el abdomen anterior, lo que sugiere un antiguo sistema de patrones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- Genética La genética.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- El morfógeno Bicoide en Drosophila controla el patrón anterior mediante la regulación de genes diana como el ortodenticulo (otd) y la jorobada (hb).
- Los homólogos bicoides están ausentes fuera de los Dipterans superiores, dejando la formación de la cabeza y el tórax poco comprendida en otros insectos.
- El escarabajo harinero Tribolium castaneum, un insecto de banda germinal corta, proporciona un modelo para estudiar los mecanismos de patrones anteriores conservados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la función de los genes conservados orthodenticle-1 (otd-1) y jorobado (hb) en el patrón anterior de Tribolium castaneum.
- Determinar si otd-1 y hb juegan un papel en el desarrollo de la cabeza y el tórax de Tribolium análogo al Bicoid en Drosophila.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la herencia materna del ARN mensajero de Tribolium otd-1.
- Interferencia de ARN (RNAi) para reducir la expresión génica de Tribolium otd-1 y hb.
- Análisis fenotípico de embriones con niveles reducidos de otd-1 y hb, incluyendo experimentos de doble RNAi.
Principales resultados:
- El ARN mensajero de Tribolium otd-1 se hereda por vía materna, y difiere de la Drosophila.
- La reducción de Tribolium otd-1 a través de RNAi conduce a embriones sin cabeza, lo que confirma su papel en el patrón anterior.
- El tribolium hb especifica los segmentos gnatal y torácico posterior, similar a su papel en la Drosophila.
- La combinación de otd-1/hb RNAi resulta en el fracaso del desarrollo de la cabeza, el tórax y el abdomen anterior, imitando a los fuertes mutantes bicoides.
Conclusiones:
- El gen orthodenticle-1 (otd-1) es esencial para el patrón anterior en el insecto de banda germinal corta Tribolium castaneum.
- Los genes otd-1 y jorobado (hb) funcionan juntos en Tribolium para especificar las regiones del cuerpo anterior, incluyendo la cabeza y el tórax.
- Estos hallazgos sugieren que otd-1 y hb son componentes de un antiguo sistema de patrones anteriores conservados en los insectos.
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