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El coronavirus como una posible causa del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo

J S M Peiris¹, S T Lai, L L M Poon

¹Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China. malik@hkucc.hku.hk <malik@hkucc.hku.hk>

Lancet (London, England)

|April 25, 2003

Resumen

Un nuevo coronavirus fue identificado como la causa del brote de SARS en Hong Kong. Las pruebas de laboratorio confirmaron el virus en la mayoría de los pacientes, lo que ayudó al diagnóstico definitivo y a una mayor investigación sobre la progresión del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Virología Virología.
Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.

Sus antecedentes:

Un brote de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS) se produjo en Hong Kong.
El estudio investigó la causa viral y la presentación clínica en 50 pacientes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para identificar el agente viral responsable del brote de SARS.
Para definir la presentación clínica y los factores de riesgo para la enfermedad grave.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de notas de casos y hallazgos microbiológicos de 50 pacientes con SARS en todos los grupos de transmisión.
Radiografía de tórax y pruebas de laboratorio (aspirados nasofaríngeos, sueros) para identificar los agentes causales.
Comparación con muestras de control enmascaradas para investigaciones microbiológicas.

Principales resultados:

Un virus de la familia Coronaviridae fue aislado de dos pacientes.
45 de 50 pacientes con SARS mostraron evidencia de infección a través de pruebas serológicas y RT-PCR.
La edad avanzada, la linfopenia y la disfunción hepática se asociaron con enfermedades graves en los contactos domésticos.

Conclusiones:

Es probable que un coronavirus sea el agente principal del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS).
Las pruebas serológicas y moleculares permiten el diagnóstico definitivo de laboratorio del SARS.
Se necesita más investigación para explorar los cofactores en la progresión de la enfermedad.

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