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La administración crónica de hierro aumenta el estrés oxidativo vascular y acelera la trombosis arterial

Sharlene M Day¹, Damon Duquaine, Lakshmi V Mundada

¹University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Cardiology, Ann Arbor, USA. sday@umich.edu

|May 7, 2003

Resumen

El exceso de hierro acelera la formación de coágulos sanguíneos después de una lesión arterial al aumentar el estrés oxidativo y deteriorar la función de los vasos sanguíneos. Esta disfunción vascular inducida por el hierro puede aumentar el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares isquémicos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Investigación Cardiovascular Investigación Cardiovascular Investigación Cardiovascular Investigación Cardiovascular
Hematología Hematología.
El estrés oxidativo Biología Biología

Sus antecedentes:

La sobrecarga de hierro está relacionada con eventos cardiovasculares isquémicos.
El impacto del exceso de hierro en la función vascular y la trombosis no está claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los efectos de la carga crónica de hierro en la trombosis, el estrés oxidativo y la reactividad vascular en ratones.
Aclarar los mecanismos por los cuales el exceso de hierro influye en la salud vascular y las respuestas trombóticas.

Principales métodos:

Los ratones recibieron la administración crónica de dextrano de hierro durante 6 semanas.
La trombosis se evaluó después de una lesión fotoquímica de la arteria carótida.
Se midió el estrés oxidativo sistémico y vascular, y la vasoreactividad dependiente del endotelio.

Principales resultados:

Los ratones cargados de hierro exhibieron una formación acelerada de trombos (20,4 minutos frente a 54,5 minutos).
La carga de hierro aumentó la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno sistémicas y vasculares.
La vasorelaxación dependiente del endotelio se vio afectada, lo que indica una reducción de la biodisponibilidad del óxido nítrico.

Conclusiones:

La carga de hierro moderada acelera la formación de trombos y aumenta el estrés oxidativo vascular.
La disfunción vascular inducida por el hierro contribuye a los eventos cardiovasculares isquémicos.
La sobrecarga de hierro representa un factor de riesgo para las complicaciones cardiovasculares.

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