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Un enriquecimiento de hierro a mesoescala en el Pacífico subártico occidental induce una gran floración de diatomeas
Atsushi Tsuda1, Shigenobu Takeda, Hiroaki Saito
1Hokkaido National Research Institute, Kushiro, Hokkaido 085-0802, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 10, 2003
Resumen
La adición de hierro en el Océano Pacífico Norte impulsó el crecimiento del fitoplancton y la biomasa. Este estudio muestra que la disponibilidad de hierro controla las especies de fitoplancton y su impacto en la biogeoquímica del océano.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las aguas subárticas del Pacífico Norte se caracterizan por un alto contenido de nitratos y baja clorofila, lo que sugiere una limitación de nutrientes.
- El hierro es un micronutriente clave para el fitoplancton, y su escasez puede limitar la producción primaria en ciertas regiones oceánicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para probar la hipótesis de la limitación del hierro in situ en el Pacífico Norte subártico.
- Investigar los efectos del enriquecimiento de hierro en el phytoplankton, la composición de las especies y el ciclo biogeoquímico.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevó a cabo un experimento de enriquecimiento de hierro in situ.
- Se monitorearon las reservas permanentes de fitoplancton, las concentraciones de macronutrientes y los niveles de dióxido de carbono disuelto antes y después de la adición de hierro.
Principales resultados:
- Un solo enriquecimiento de hierro condujo a un aumento significativo en la biomasa de fitoplancton.
- Los macronutrientes y las concentraciones de dióxido de carbono disuelto disminuyeron después de la adición de hierro.
- Las especies dominantes de fitoplancton cambiaron de las diatomeas penadas a la diatomea céntrica Chaetoceros debilis, exhibiendo una alta tasa de crecimiento de 2,6 duplicaciones por día.
Conclusiones:
- La biodisponibilidad del hierro es un factor crítico que regula la magnitud de la biomasa del fitoplancton en aguas con alto contenido de nitratos y bajo contenido de clorofila.
- Las especies de fitoplancton que dominan después del suministro de hierro influyen en la respuesta biogeoquímica de estas aguas.
- La disponibilidad de hierro dicta no solo la cantidad sino también el tipo de fitoplancton, impactando el ciclo del carbono oceánico.
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