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Topiramato oral para el tratamiento de la dependencia del alcohol: un ensayo controlado aleatorizado
Bankole A Johnson1, Nassima Ait-Daoud, Charles L Bowden
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. bjohnson@uthscsa.edu <bjohnson@uthscsa.edu>
Lancet (London, England)
|May 28, 2003
Resumen
El topiramato redujo significativamente el consumo de alcohol y los antojos en comparación con el placebo en personas con dependencia del alcohol. Este estudio demuestra que el topiramato es
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
- Los ensayos clínicos son ensayos clínicos.
Sus antecedentes:
- El topiramato, un derivado del sulfato de fructopiranosa, puede reducir los efectos beneficiosos del alcohol.
- Potencialmente actúa inhibiendo la liberación de dopamina y modulando la actividad de GABA y glutamato.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la eficacia del topiramato frente al placebo en el tratamiento de la dependencia del alcohol.
- Para evaluar el impacto del topiramato en el comportamiento de consumo de alcohol y el deseo.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo controlado aleatorizado doble ciego de 12 semanas en el que participaron 150 participantes con dependencia del alcohol.
- Los participantes recibieron topiramato oral (25-300 mg/día) o placebo, junto con el manejo estandarizado de cumplimiento de la medicación.
- Los resultados primarios incluyeron patrones de consumo de alcohol autoinformados y niveles plasmáticos de gamma-glutamiltransferasa; el antojo fue un resultado secundario.
Principales resultados:
- El grupo de topiramato mostró significativamente menos bebidas por día y por día de consumo en comparación con el placebo.
- Los participantes en topiramato experimentaron un mayor porcentaje de días de abstinencia y menos días de consumo excesivo de alcohol.
- En el grupo de topiramato se observó una reducción significativa de la gamma-glutamiltransferasa plasmática y de los antojos autoinformados.
Conclusiones:
- El topiramato, en dosis de hasta 300 mg/día, es más eficaz que el placebo para tratar la dependencia del alcohol.
- El topiramato sirve como un complemento eficaz para la gestión estandarizada del cumplimiento de la medicación para la dependencia del alcohol.
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