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La base somatosensorial de la producción del habla
Stéphanie Tremblay1, Douglas M Shiller, David J Ostry
1Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada.
Nature
|June 20, 2003
Resumen
La producción del habla se basa en la retroalimentación somatosensorial, no sólo en las señales auditivas. Este estudio muestra que los movimientos de los articuladores del habla están controlados por información somatosensorial, independiente del sonido resultante.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación de la producción del habla.
- El control del motor es el control del motor.
- La neurociencia auditiva es la neurociencia auditiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- La hipótesis dominante postula que las metas del habla se definen acústicamente y se mantienen mediante retroalimentación auditiva.
- Una alternativa sugiere que la producción del habla se basa en señales de control motor y retroalimentación somatosensorial.
- Los estudios previos sobre los roles somatosensoriales en el habla no fueron concluyentes debido a las alteraciones acústicas simultáneas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel independiente de la retroalimentación somatosensorial en la producción del habla.
- Para disociar la retroalimentación auditiva y somatosensorial durante las tareas de habla.
- Para determinar si la información somatosensorial es fundamental para lograr movimientos del habla.
Principales métodos:
- Los sujetos produjeron el habla mientras que una carga mecánica alteró los movimientos de la mandíbula, afectando la retroalimentación somatosensorial.
- Se monitoreó la salida acústica para detectar cambios medibles o perceptibles.
- La adaptación a la carga mecánica se evaluó a lo largo del tiempo.
Principales resultados:
- Los sujetos se adaptaron con éxito a la carga mecánica, corrigiendo los movimientos de la mandíbula.
- La carga mecánica no produjo cambios medibles o perceptibles en la salida acústica.
- Esto demuestra una disociación entre la retroalimentación somatosensorial y auditiva durante el habla.
Conclusiones:
- La información somatosensorial es fundamental para lograr movimientos de habla precisos.
- Los objetivos de producción del habla incluyen posiciones específicas del articulador señaladas por entradas somatosensoriales.
- Este objetivo somatosensorial está separado de los objetivos acústicos de la producción del habla.
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