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Las extinciones catastróficas siguen a la deforestación en Singapur

Barry W Brook¹, Navjot S Sodhi, Peter K L Ng

¹Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu 520-2113, Japan. barry.brook@ntu.edu.au

|July 25, 2003

Resumen

La pérdida de hábitat en las regiones tropicales causa una disminución significativa de la biodiversidad. Singapur es Singapur.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología Ecología Ecología.
Biología de la Conservación Biología de la Conservación.
Estudios de la biodiversidad Estudios de la biodiversidad.

Sus antecedentes:

La biodiversidad tropical está amenazada por eventos de extinción masiva.
Los datos empíricos sobre las extinciones tropicales son escasos, y la mayoría de los informes son anecdóticos.
La pérdida de hábitat es el principal impulsor de la disminución de la biodiversidad en estas regiones.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para documentar las extinciones locales en Singapur debido a la extensa pérdida de hábitat.
Para cuantificar las tasas de extinción en varios taxones.
Extrapolar estos hallazgos para predecir la pérdida futura de biodiversidad en el sudeste asiático.

Principales métodos:

Estudió las extinciones locales en Singapur (540 km2) durante 183 años.
Pérdida de hábitat estimada superior al 95%.
Las tasas de extinción documentadas e inferidas para los taxones terrestres y de agua dulce.
Utilizó un modelo calibrado de área de especies para la extrapolación.

Principales resultados:

Se encontraron tasas de extinción sustancialmente documentadas e inferidas, especialmente para los especialistas forestales.
Las mariposas, los peces, las aves y los mamíferos mostraron la mayor proporción de taxones extintos (34-87%).
Las reservas forestales (0,25% de la superficie) albergan ahora más del 50% de la biodiversidad nativa restante.

Conclusiones:

Singapur experimentó extinciones locales significativas debido a la pérdida de hábitat.
El sudeste asiático se enfrenta a una pérdida potencial de 13-42% de las poblaciones regionales en el próximo siglo.
Se necesitan esfuerzos urgentes de conservación para mitigar las extinciones globales de especies.

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