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In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
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Cyanogens de yuca y konzo, una enfermedad de la neurona motora superior que se encuentra en África
T Tylleskär1, M Banea, N Bikangi
1Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 25, 1992
Resumen
Konzo, una mielopatía tropical, está relacionada con los altos niveles de cianuro en la sangre de la yuca procesada inadecuadamente. Mejorar el procesamiento de alimentos y la ingesta de azufre puede prevenir este trastorno neurológico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología Neurología.
- Toxicología Toxicología.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
Sus antecedentes:
- Konzo es una mielopatía tropical que causa paraparesis espástica, con epidemias en el este de África vinculadas al consumo de yuca.
- Estudios anteriores han cuestionado el vínculo directo entre el cianuro dietético de la yuca y la etiología del konzo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la exposición al cianuro en la dieta en el desarrollo del konzo en una población rural de Zaire.
- Para medir el contenido de cianógeno de la yuca, el tiocianato urinario y los niveles de cianuro en sangre en pacientes con konzo y controles.
Principales métodos:
- Contenido evaluado de cianógeno en la harina de yuca.
- Tiocyanato urinario medido como biomarcador para la ingesta de cianuro.
- Comparación de las concentraciones de cianuro en sangre entre individuos afectados por konzo y controles no afectados.
Principales resultados:
- Las poblaciones afectadas consumieron yuca procesada durante un día, mostrando alto nivel de tiocyanato urinario (757 mmol/l) en comparación con los controles (50 mmol/l) que consumieron yuca empapada durante 3 días.
- Los pacientes de Konzo tenían concentraciones de cianuro en sangre significativamente más altas (>4 mmol/l) que los controles (p<0,01).
- Los niveles de tiocianato sérico fueron similares entre los grupos, lo que sugiere una conversión alterada.
Conclusiones:
- Las altas concentraciones sostenidas de cianuro en la sangre, exacerbadas por la ingesta deficiente de azufre que dificulta la desintoxicación de cianuro, juegan un papel causal en el konzo.
- La pobreza y la escasez de alimentos son las causas subyacentes, pero un mejor procesamiento de la yuca podría ser preventivo.
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