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Prevalencia del uso de sustancias entre los médicos estadounidenses
P H Hughes1, N Brandenburg, D C Baldwin
1Institute for Research in Psychiatry, University of South Florida, Tampa.
JAMA
|May 16, 1992
Resumen
Los médicos usan menos drogas ilícitas que la población general, pero es más probable que usen alcohol y medicamentos recetados. Una preocupación clave es el autotratamiento con sustancias controladas, lo que destaca la necesidad de directrices sobre el uso de sustancias por parte de los médicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La investigación médica es la investigación médica.
- Salud pública La salud pública es la salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El uso de sustancias entre los profesionales de la salud es una preocupación significativa para la salud pública.
- Comprender los patrones de uso de sustancias por parte de los médicos es crucial para la seguridad del paciente y el bienestar profesional.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar la prevalencia del uso de sustancias entre los médicos en los Estados Unidos.
- Para comparar el uso de sustancias por parte de los médicos con la población general.
Principales métodos:
- Una encuesta nacional anónima enviada por correo evaluó el uso de 13 sustancias entre 9600 médicos.
- Los datos se ponderaron para proporcionar estimaciones nacionales de prevalencia y se compararon con la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares sobre el Abuso de Drogas.
- La encuesta incluyó el uso durante toda la vida, el año pasado y el mes pasado, las razones para el uso y el historial de tratamiento.
Principales resultados:
- Los médicos informaron un menor uso en el año pasado de cigarrillos y drogas ilícitas (marihuana, cocaína, heroína) en comparación con sus pares de edad y género.
- Los médicos mostraron un mayor uso de alcohol y medicamentos recetados (opiáceos menores, benzodiazepinas).
- El autotratamiento con medicamentos recetados era común, mientras que el uso ilícito de drogas y alcohol era principalmente recreativo.
Conclusiones:
- Los médicos tienen menos probabilidades de ser usuarios actuales de drogas ilícitas que la población general.
- El mayor consumo de alcohol puede estar relacionado con factores socioeconómicos en lugar de profesionales.
- La alta tasa de autotratamiento de los médicos con medicamentos controlados plantea un riesgo de abuso y dependencia, lo que hace necesarias directrices nacionales.
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