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La incidencia de leucemia después de la exposición al yodo-131
Lancet (London, England)
|July 14, 1992
Resumen
Este estudio no encontró un aumento significativo en el riesgo de leucemia entre los pacientes suecos tratados con yodo-131 (131I). Los resultados sugieren que las exposiciones médicas 131I son tranquilizadoras con respecto a la leucemia inducida por radiación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La medicina nuclear es una medicina nuclear.
- Oncología de la radiación oncología de la radiación.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La leucemia es un efecto tardío conocido de la exposición a la radiación ionizante.
- El yodo-131 (131I) se utiliza en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de afecciones de la tiroides.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la incidencia de leucemia después de la exposición al yodo-131 (131I).
- Evaluar la relación entre la exposición al 131I y el riesgo de leucemia en una gran cohorte de pacientes.
Principales métodos:
- Se estudió una cohorte de 46.988 pacientes suecos expuestos a 131I.
- Los casos observados de leucemia se compararon con las tasas esperadas en la población general.
- La dosis media absorbida por la médula ósea se estimó en 14 mGy.
Principales resultados:
- 195 leucemias ocurrieron más de 2 años después de la exposición, con una relación de incidencia estandarizada (SIR) de 1,09 (IC 95%: 0,94-1,25).
- No se observó un aumento significativo en el riesgo de leucemia linfocítica crónica (LLC) o no-LLC.
- El riesgo de leucemia no varió según el sexo, la edad, el tiempo o la dosis de radiación.
Conclusiones:
- Se excluyeron riesgos excesivos de leucemia superiores al 25% con alta seguridad en esta población adulta.
- Los resultados son tranquilizadores para los pacientes expuestos a 131I en la práctica médica.
- Los hallazgos también pueden ser relevantes para las personas expuestas a las consecuencias de Chernóbil.
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