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La herencia materna de la capacidad de respuesta IgE atópica en el cromosoma 11q
W O Cookson1, R P Young, A J Sandford
1Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 15, 1992
Resumen
Los estudios de vinculación genética revelan que la atopia, una afección relacionada con las alergias, se transmite de manera diferente de las madres a los padres. Este patrón de transmisión materna en el cromosoma 11q13 sugiere la impresión genómica o la modificación de la respuesta inmune.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética La genética.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- La herencia humana La herencia humana.
Sus antecedentes:
- La atopia es una predisposición familiar común a enfermedades alérgicas como el asma y la rinitis.
- Investigaciones anteriores indicaron un mayor riesgo de atopia en los niños nacidos de madres atópicas en comparación con los padres atópicos.
- Un gen asociado con la atopia se ha localizado en el cromosoma 11q.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las diferencias potenciales en los patrones de transmisión materna frente a paterna de los genes relacionados con la atopia.
- Para examinar la herencia del locus 11q13 en familias con atopia.
- Para explorar la base genética de la transmisión de la atopia.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de parejas de hermanos dentro de familias afectadas por atopia.
- Análisis de vinculación utilizando el marcador D11S97 en el cromosoma 11q.
- La atopia definida se basa en las pruebas de pinchazo en la piel, los niveles totales de IgE sérico y las pruebas de radioalergosorbente.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un sesgo de transmisión materna significativo, con el 62% de las parejas de hermanos afectados que comparten el alelo maternal 11q13 (p = 0,001).
- La transmisión del alelo paterno no mostró desviación significativa de la distribución esperada de 50/50 (46% compartido).
- Estos resultados fueron consistentes a través de diferentes definiciones de atopia y otros marcadores 11q.
Conclusiones:
- La transmisión de la atopia vinculada al locus del cromosoma 11q es predominantemente materna.
- El patrón observado sugiere la impresión genómica paterna o la influencia materna en el desarrollo inmune.
- Este hallazgo pone de relieve los mecanismos genéticos o epigenéticos específicos del sexo en la herencia de la atopia.
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