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Cardiotoxicidad después de una intoxicación accidental por aconita inducida por hierbas
Lancet (London, England)
|November 21, 1992
Resumen
Los alcaloides de Aconite de las plantas Aconitum causan envenenamiento severo, lo que lleva a trastornos fatales del ritmo cardíaco. Esto pone de relieve la necesidad urgente de un estricto control de seguridad de los remedios herbales tradicionales que contienen estos compuestos tóxicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Toxicología Toxicología.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
- La medicina a base de hierbas es una medicina herbal.
Sus antecedentes:
- La aconitina y los alcaloides relacionados de las plantas Aconitum son potentes cardiotoxinas.
- Estos alcaloides tóxicos están presentes en las recetas tradicionales de hierbas chinas.
- La medicina occidental moderna no reconoce usos terapéuticos para los alcaloides de aconita.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Documentar y analizar casos de intoxicación potencialmente mortal como resultado de una intoxicación accidental por aconita inducida por hierbas.
- Para identificar el agente causal responsable de los efectos tóxicos observados.
- Hacer hincapié en la importancia de la vigilancia de la seguridad de las sustancias a base de hierbas con márgenes de seguridad estrechos.
Principales métodos:
- Documentación del caso de 17 sujetos chinos con sospecha de envenenamiento por aconita.
- Observación clínica de la aparición y progresión de los síntomas.
- Evaluación toxicológica para determinar el agente causante.
Principales resultados:
- Todos los 17 pacientes presentaron síntomas de toxicidad por aconita dentro de las 2 horas posteriores a la ingestión de la sustancia herbal.
- La mayoría de los pacientes desarrollaron taquiarritmias graves, incluyendo taquicardia ventricular y fibrilación.
- Dos pacientes murieron debido a los efectos cardiotóxicos de los alcaloides de aconita.
Conclusiones:
- La ingestión accidental de raíces de Aconitum puede conducir a una intoxicación por aconita grave y potencialmente mortal.
- Los alcaloides aconitados son la causa principal de estos eventos tóxicos severos.
- La estricta vigilancia de los productos a base de hierbas que contienen compuestos tóxicos como la aconita es crucial para la seguridad pública.
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