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El transportista de la absorción de glutamato en las células gliales contrarrastra los aniones que cambian el pH
M Bouvier1, M Szatkowski, A Amato
1Department of Physiology, University College London, UK.
Nature
|December 3, 1992
Resumen
Las células gliales regulan los niveles de glutamato extracelular utilizando un transportador que también mueve protones, influyendo en la actividad neuronal y potencialmente mediando las interacciones neurona-gliales a través de cambios de pH.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las células gliales juegan un papel crucial en la regulación de los neurotransmisores, en particular el glutamato.
- La absorción de glutamato por las células gliales es esencial para mantener la concentración extracelular de glutamato por debajo de los niveles neurotóxicos.
- La estequiometría del transporte iónico del portador de la absorción de glutamato es un tema de debate en curso.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el mecanismo de transporte de iones del transportador de la absorción de glutamato en la glia.
- Para determinar si el transportador de glutamato también transporta protones o aniones que cambian el pH.
- Para aclarar la estequiometría del portador de la absorción de glutamato y sus implicaciones para los niveles extracelulares de glutamato.
Principales métodos:
- Investigación experimental de flujos iónicos asociados con la absorción de glutamato en las células gliales.
- Medición de los cambios de pH extracelular e intracelular durante el transporte de glutamato.
- Análisis de la estequiometría portadora basada en los movimientos de iones observados.
Principales resultados:
- El portador de la absorción de glutamato genera alcalinización extracelular y acidificación intracelular.
- El portador transporta aniones fuera de las células gliales.
- Un ciclo de transporte propuesto implica el transporte de 2 Na+ y 1 anión de glutamato dentro de la célula, y 1 K+ y 1 OH- (o HCO3-) fuera.
- Esta estequiometría predice las concentraciones fisiológicas y anóxicas de glutamato extracelular.
Conclusiones:
- El transportador glial de glutamato participa activamente en la regulación del pH.
- El transporte de OH-/HCO3- por el portador de glutamato influye en los entornos neuronales.
- Este mecanismo puede representar una nueva vía para la comunicación neurona-glial.
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