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La remodelación vascular inducida por el ácido lisofosfatídico insaturado de origen natural in vivo
Kenji Yoshida1, Wataru Nishida, Ken'ichiro Hayashi
1Department of Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (D13), 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Circulation
|September 25, 2003
Resumen
El ácido lisofosfatídico insaturado (LPA) induce la remodelación vascular y la formación de neointima in vivo, imitando la aterosclerosis humana. Este estudio pone de relieve la LPA.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Cardiovascular Biología Cardiovascular
- La medicina molecular es una medicina molecular.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ácidos lisofosfatídicos (LPA) son lípidos de señalización involucrados en varios procesos celulares.
- Anteriormente se descubrió que los LPA insaturados, pero no los saturados, inducían la desdiferenciación de las células del músculo liso vascular (VSMC, por sus siglas en inglés).
- Esta desdiferenciación implica la activación de ERK y p38MAPK, lo que lleva a la proliferación y migración de VSMC.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los efectos in vivo de los ácidos lisofosfatídicos insaturados (18: 1 LPA) y saturados (18: 0 LPA) en la vasculatura.
- Para determinar si los LPA insaturados inducen la remodelación vascular y la formación de neointima en un organismo vivo.
Principales métodos:
- Las arterias carótidas comunes (ACC) de ratas fueron tratadas con 18:1 LPA o 18:0 LPA.
- Se realizaron análisis histológicos y bioquímicos de los CCA tratados.
- Los estudios de trazadores ([3H]18: 1 LPA) se utilizaron para evaluar la incorporación y el metabolismo de LPA en la pared vascular.
Principales resultados:
- 18:1 LPA, pero no 18:0 LPA, indujo significativamente la remodelación vascular, principalmente la formación de neointima.
- Se detectó suficiente LPA 18:1 no metabolizado en la pared vascular para inducir la desdiferenciación del VSMC.
- La formación de neointima 18:1 inducida por LPA dependía de la activación de ERK y p38MAPK.
- Histológicamente, 18:1 CCAs tratados con LPA se parecían a las arterias ateroscleróticas humanas.
Conclusiones:
- Este estudio proporciona la primera evidencia de un papel del LPA insaturado de origen natural en la inducción de la remodelación vascular in vivo.
- Los hallazgos establecen un nuevo modelo animal para el estudio de la formación de neointima.
- Los LPA insaturados representan un objetivo terapéutico potencial para enfermedades vasculares caracterizadas por la formación de neointima.
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