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Visión ultravioleta en un murciélago.

York Winter1, Jorge López, Otto Von Helversen

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Munich, Luisenstrasse 14, 80333 Munich, Germany and Max-Planck Research Centre for Ornithology, 82305 Seewiesen, Germany. winter@zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de

Nature
|October 10, 2003
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio revela que el murciélago floral Glossophaga soricina, a pesar de ser daltónico, posee visión ultravioleta (UV). Esta sensibilidad a los rayos UV está mediada por un solo fotorreceptor, un nuevo mecanismo en los mamíferos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La visión de los mamíferos.
  • Biología sensorial La biología sensorial.
  • Fisiología comparativa de la fisiología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La mayoría de los mamíferos exhiben visión dicromática, lo que limita su percepción del color.
  • La visión ultravioleta (UV) en los mamíferos es rara y por lo general implica un fotorreceptor distinto.
  • Los murciélagos utilizan tanto la ecolocalización como la visión para la orientación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar las capacidades visuales del murciélago floreal filostomídeo, Glossophaga soricina.
  • Para determinar si esta especie de murciélago posee visión UV y entender su mecanismo subyacente.
  • Para explorar la sensibilidad espectral y la visión del color de G. soricina.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizaron experimentos conductuales para evaluar la sensibilidad espectral.
  • Se realizaron pruebas para la visión del color.
  • Se utilizó la adaptación cromática para sondear la función del fotorreceptor.

Principales resultados:

  • Glossophaga soricina demostró una sensibilidad espectral que alcanza su punto máximo a 510 nm (verde) y por encima de 365 nm (UV).
  • Se descubrió que el murciélago era daltónico, con un resultado negativo en las pruebas de visión de colores.
  • La adaptación cromática indicó que un solo fotorreceptor es responsable tanto de la sensibilidad a la luz UV como de la luz verde.

Conclusiones:

  • El murciélago floral G. soricina exhibe visión UV, detectando longitudes de onda tan bajas como 310 nm.
  • Es probable que la sensibilidad a los rayos UV esté mediada por la banda beta del pigmento visual, un mecanismo no descrito previamente en los sistemas de mamíferos intactos.
  • Este hallazgo amplía nuestra comprensión de la diversidad visual de los mamíferos y la percepción UV.