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Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: August 1, 2017
El autismo es autismo.
1Child Study Center, Yale University, PO Box 207900, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. fred.volkmar@yale.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|October 11, 2003
Resumen
El Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA) es una afección común del desarrollo neurológico que afecta la interacción social y la comunicación. Si bien la genética juega un papel importante, la intervención temprana y las terapias conductuales pueden ayudar a controlar los síntomas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Genética La genética.
- Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA) es una condición del desarrollo neurológico caracterizada por la interacción social y los déficits de comunicación, junto con comportamientos repetitivos.
- Una vez considerado raro, el TEA ahora se reconoce como un trastorno común con una prevalencia creciente.
- Las altas tasas de trastornos convulsivos y la participación de regiones cerebrales específicas sugieren un papel para los factores del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en la patogénesis de TEA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resumir la comprensión actual de la etiología y el manejo del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA).
- Resaltar los fundamentos genéticos y los factores neurobiológicos que contribuyen al TEA.
- Discutir el impacto y las limitaciones de las actuales intervenciones terapéuticas para TEA.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura de la investigación genética y neurobiológica sobre TEA.
- Análisis de datos epidemiológicos sobre la prevalencia y la recurrencia de las TEA.
- Evaluación de estudios clínicos sobre intervención temprana y tratamientos farmacológicos para TEA.
Principales resultados:
- El trastorno del espectro autista es fuertemente genético, probablemente involucra múltiples genes.
- La evidencia apunta a regiones específicas del cerebro y factores del SNC en la patogénesis de las TEA.
- Las estrategias de intervención temprana son prometedoras en el manejo de los síntomas de TEA.
- Los tratamientos farmacológicos pueden abordar problemas de comportamiento, pero no el trastorno central.
Conclusiones:
- El trastorno del espectro autista es un trastorno complejo y altamente genético del desarrollo neurológico.
- Si bien las causas subyacentes no se comprenden completamente, la intervención temprana es crucial.
- Los tratamientos actuales se centran en el manejo de los síntomas en lugar de una cura para el TEA.
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