Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
10:00
In Vivo Forward Genetic Screen to Identify Novel Neuroprotective Genes in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: July 11, 2019
Una pantalla genética en Drosophila para el comportamiento metastásico
Raymond A Pagliarini1, Tian Xu
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 11, 2003
Resumen
La expresión oncogénica de RasV12 combinada con la pérdida de genes de polaridad celular impulsa la metástasis tumoral en Drosophila. La pérdida de la polaridad celular por sí sola no causa metástasis, lo que resalta la importancia del tejido.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Biología del desarrollo.
- * Investigación sobre el cáncer.
- * La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- * La metástasis es un proceso complejo que implica la invasión y propagación de las células tumorales.
- * Los fundamentos genéticos de las metástasis no se comprenden completamente.
- * Drosophila melanogaster sirve como un poderoso modelo para el estudio de los procesos biológicos fundamentales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Identificar los genes que cooperan con las mutaciones oncogénicas para impulsar la metástasis tumoral.
- * Investigar el papel de la polaridad celular en el comportamiento metastásico.
- * Comprender la contribución de los antecedentes genéticos del tejido a las metástasis.
Principales métodos:
- * Se realizó una prueba genética en Drosophila melanogaster.
- * Tumores de disco ocular utilizados que expresan el RasV12.12 oncogénico.
- * Se evaluaron mutaciones que afectan la polaridad celular por su capacidad para inducir la invasión.
Principales resultados:
- * La cooperación entre el RasV12 oncogénico y la pérdida de los genes de polaridad celular indujo un comportamiento metastásico.
- * Las características metastásicas observadas incluyen la degradación de la membrana basal, la pérdida de E-cadherina, la migración, la invasión y la formación de tumores secundarios.
- * La inactivación de los genes de polaridad celular por sí sola o con otras alteraciones que inician tumores no condujo a la metástasis.
Conclusiones:
- * El RasV12 oncogénico y la pérdida de los genes de polaridad celular cooperan para promover la metástasis.
- * Los genes de polaridad celular son esenciales para el comportamiento metastásico inducido por RasV12.
- * El fondo del tejido oncogénico juega un papel crítico en el desarrollo metastásico.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
03:33Genetic Drift
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.Life is not fair. A deer grazing contentedly in a field can have her meal cut tragically short by a bolt of lightning. If the doomed doe is one of only three in the population, 1/3 of the population’s gene pool is lost. Random events like this can...
02:32Position-effect Variegation
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
02:08Gene Conversion
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
02:57DNA-only Transposons
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
02:53Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
02:46Genetic Screens
Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...