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La velocidad de la información en un medio óptico de "luz rápida"
Michael D Stenner1, Daniel J Gauthier, Mark A Neifeld
1Duke University, Department of Physics, and The Fitzpatrick Center for Photonics and Communication Systems, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Nature
|October 17, 2003
Resumen
Los experimentos muestran que la información viaja más lentamente que la luz en medios de luz rápida, preservando la causalidad relativista. Esto resuelve los debates sobre la propagación del pulso superluminal y las definiciones de velocidad de la información.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física Física es la física de las cosas.
- La óptica relativista es una óptica relativista.
- Propagación de ondas de propagación de ondas.
Sus antecedentes:
- La teoría especial de la relatividad dicta que ninguna señal puede causar un efecto fuera del cono luminoso de la fuente.
- La violación de la causalidad relativista puede conducir a paradojas, como los efectos que preceden a las causas.
- Los experimentos con medios de luz rápida (donde la velocidad del grupo de ondas excede la velocidad de la luz en el vacío) han renovado el debate sobre la velocidad de la información.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la velocidad de la información en medios de luz rápida.
- Para determinar si la propagación del pulso superluminal en estos medios viola la causalidad relativista.
- Para resolver las controversias que rodean la definición de la velocidad de la información frente a la velocidad del grupo.
Principales métodos:
- Observación experimental de la propagación del pulso óptico a través de medios de luz rápida.
- Medida del tiempo que tarda la información en propagarse a través del medio.
- Comparación de los tiempos de propagación en medios de luz rápida frente al vacío.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró que el tiempo de detección de información en medios de luz rápida era más largo que en el vacío.
- Los tiempos de propagación observados son consistentes con la causalidad relativista.
- La velocidad del grupo de ondas (upsilong) en el medio excedió enormemente la velocidad de la luz en el vacío (c).
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos del estudio apoyan la opinión de que la velocidad de la información (upsiloni) es siempre menor o igual a la velocidad de la luz en el vacío (c).
- La causalidad relativista se conserva incluso en medios que exhiben velocidades de grupo superluminales.
- Los experimentos ayudan a resolver el debate sobre la velocidad de la información en medios de luz rápida.
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