Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
09:24
Optical Screening of Novel Bacteria-specific Probes on Ex Vivo Human Lung Tissue by Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Published on: November 29, 2017
Valor de la radiografía de tórax en un programa de prevención de la tuberculosis para personas infectadas por el VIH,
B Mosimaneotsile1, E A Talbot, T L Moeti
1BOTUSA Project, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Gaborone, Botswana. baru1@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|November 15, 2003
Resumen
Las radiografías torácicas de rutina no son necesarias para las personas infectadas por el VIH asintomáticas que comienzan la prevención de la tuberculosis. La detección de síntomas es suficiente, ya que las radiografías de tórax arrojaron pocos diagnósticos de tuberculosis en este estudio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Gestión de la gestión del VIH/SIDA.
Sus antecedentes:
- La prevención de la tuberculosis (TB) se recomienda para las personas con VIH.
- Las pautas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) / ONUSIDA sugieren antecedentes médicos, detección de síntomas y radiografía de tórax antes de iniciar la prevención de la tuberculosis.
- La utilidad de la radiografía de tórax de rutina en este contexto específico sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el valor de la radiografía de tórax en el cribado de pacientes ambulatorios asintomáticos infectados por el VIH para la tuberculosis antes de iniciar el tratamiento preventivo con isoniazida.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio prospectivo en el que participaron 935 pacientes ambulatorios infectados por el VIH que buscaban tratamiento preventivo con isoniazida.
- Los pacientes se sometieron a pruebas de detección de síntomas.
- Se realizó una radiografía de tórax, con un análisis posterior de los diagnósticos de tuberculosis.
Principales resultados:
- De 935 pacientes, 692 (74%) eran asintomáticos para la TB.
- De los pacientes asintomáticos, 123 (18%) se perdieron para el seguimiento durante el proceso de radiografía.
- Sólo un paciente (0,2%) entre los 563 individuos asintomáticos restantes fue diagnosticado con TB basado en radiografía de tórax.
Conclusiones:
- La radiografía de rutina del tórax no se recomienda para las personas infectadas por el VIH asintomáticas que comienzan la terapia preventiva con isoniazida en entornos con detección efectiva de síntomas.
- El cribado de síntomas por sí solo parece adecuado para identificar la TB activa en esta población.
- Este enfoque puede racionalizar el inicio de la prevención de la tuberculosis y reducir la utilización de los recursos sanitarios.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
01:30Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...
01:30Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan
Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
01:13Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
01:20Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
01:28Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...