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La salud mental de los solicitantes de asilo detenidos
Allen S Keller1, Barry Rosenfeld, Chau Trinh-Shevrin
1Bellevue/New York University Program for Survivors of Torture, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. allen.keller@med.nyu
Lancet (London, England)
|December 4, 2003
Resumen
La detención de solicitantes de asilo en los EE.UU. empeora significativamente la ansiedad, la depresión y los síntomas de trastorno de estrés postraumático. La liberación de la detención conduce a mejoras notables en el bienestar psicológico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- La psiquiatría es la psiquiatría.
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los solicitantes de asilo se enfrentan a una detención prolongada en los EE.UU. durante la adjudicación de la solicitud.
- Este estudio investigó el impacto psicológico de la detención de inmigrantes en los solicitantes de asilo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto psicológico de la detención prolongada en los solicitantes de asilo.
- Examinar la relación entre la duración de la detención y los síntomas de salud mental.
Principales métodos:
- Entrevistó a 70 solicitantes de asilo detenidos en Nueva York, Nueva Jersey y Pensilvania.
- Utilizó cuestionarios de autoinforme para medir los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT).
- Se evaluaron los síntomas psicológicos al inicio y al seguimiento.
Principales resultados:
- Al inicio, se observaron altas tasas de síntomas clínicamente significativos: 77% de ansiedad, 86% de depresión, 50% de TEPT.
- Todos los síntomas psicológicos mostraron una correlación significativa con la duración de la detención.
- Los participantes liberados demostraron una marcada reducción de los síntomas, mientras que los que permanecieron detenidos mostraron un aumento de la angustia.
Conclusiones:
- La detención de solicitantes de asilo se asocia con síntomas psicológicos exacerbados.
- Los hallazgos destacan los efectos perjudiciales para la salud mental de la detención prolongada de inmigrantes.
- Las consideraciones políticas con respecto a la detención de solicitantes de asilo y el apoyo a la salud mental están justificadas.
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