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La gripe es la gripe
Karl G Nicholson1, John M Wood, Maria Zambon
1Infectious Diseases Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK. karlgnicholson@doctors.org.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 4, 2003
Resumen
El control de la gripe ha avanzado con nuevas vacunas y medicamentos antivirales, mejorando la gestión anual de brotes. La investigación continua es vital para la preparación para una pandemia y la comprensión de la patogenicidad de la influenza.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología Virología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las infecciones por influenza causan un sufrimiento significativo y pérdidas económicas a nivel mundial.
- Progreso limitado en el control de la gripe durante décadas hasta avances recientes.
- Las cepas de gripe aviar (H5N1, H9N2, H7N7) representan amenazas pandémicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los avances recientes en las estrategias de control de la influenza.
- Para resaltar la importancia de la vacunación y las terapias antivirales.
- Para enfatizar la necesidad de una investigación en curso sobre la gripe pandémica.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la evidencia sobre las vacunas inactivadas y vivas contra el virus de la influenza.
- Análisis de los desarrollos en la tecnología de vacunas.
- Examen de los inhibidores de la neuraminidasa y pruebas cercanas al paciente.
Principales resultados:
- Las vacunas inactivadas ofrecen protección; las vacunas vivas son seguras y efectivas en niños.
- Ahora están disponibles potentes medicamentos antivirales dirigidos a la neuraminidasa.
- El modelado económico apoya la vacunación anual y el uso antiviral.
- Las pruebas cercanas al paciente ayudan al diagnóstico y la vigilancia.
Conclusiones:
- Los recientes avances en las vacunas y los antivirales mejoran el manejo de la influenza.
- Las cepas emergentes de gripe aviar subrayan la vulnerabilidad a las pandemias.
- La investigación internacional es crucial para comprender la patogenicidad y prepararse para las pandemias.
- La mejora de la vigilancia y el uso integrado de vacunas / antivirales son esenciales para reducir el impacto global de la influenza.
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