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Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

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Functions can be combined to form new mathematical models that describe interactions between variables. These combinations are fundamental in understanding relationships between changing quantities and are commonly encountered in scientific and engineering contexts. The combination methods—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition—each have unique implications for the resulting function’s domain and behavior.When combining functions through arithmetic operations, such...

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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Enlace halógeno: una nueva interacción para la formación de cristales líquidos.

H Loc Nguyen1, Peter N Horton, Michael B Hursthouse

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, EXETER EX4 4QD, UK.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 8, 2004
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores demuestran que la unión de halógenos puede inducir las propiedades de los cristales líquidos. La mezcla de compuestos no mesomórficos específicos crea un complejo que exhibe por primera vez fases termotrópicas smecticas A y nemáticas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • La cristalografía es una técnica de cristalografía.
  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cristales líquidos exhiben propiedades entre los líquidos convencionales y los cristales sólidos.
  • El enlace halógeno es una interacción no covalente que involucra un átomo de halógeno y un donante de electrones.
  • Inducir la cristalinidad líquida en materiales no mesomórficos es un desafío significativo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar el potencial de los enlaces halógenos para inducir el comportamiento de los cristales líquidos.
  • Para sintetizar y caracterizar un nuevo complejo de enlaces halógenos.
  • Para explorar el comportamiento de fase del complejo resultante.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de un complejo 1:1 entre el 4-alkoxistilbazole y el pentafluoroiodobenzeno.
  • Análisis de un solo cristal de rayos X para confirmar la integridad compleja.
  • Análisis del comportamiento de la fase termotrópica (fases smecticas A y nemáticas).

Principales resultados:

  • Se confirmó la formación de un complejo estable 1:1 halógeno-unido.
  • El complejo exhibió un comportamiento cristalino líquido termotrópico.
  • Las mesofasas específicas observadas incluyen las fases smecticas A y nemáticas.

Conclusiones:

  • El enlace halógeno es una estrategia viable para inducir el comportamiento de los cristales líquidos en compuestos no mesomórficos.
  • El complejo sintetizado representa una nueva clase de cristales líquidos halógenos.
  • Este hallazgo abre nuevas vías para el diseño de materiales funcionales con propiedades sintonizables.