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La competencia del consumidor y la reforma de la atención médica estadounidense
1Program on Humanities and Technology in Health Care, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77225.
JAMA
|March 18, 1992
Resumen
La política de salud estadounidense asume que los expertos manejan el sistema para los pacientes, pero esto falla. Empoderar a las personas con competencia y responsabilidad en el cuidado de la salud es clave para la reforma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Análisis de la política de salud Análisis de la política de salud
- Sociología médica Sociología médica.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El sistema de salud estadounidense se basa en la gestión experta para los consumidores y pacientes.
- El énfasis histórico estadounidense en la autoridad y responsabilidad individual está subrepresentado en el cuidado de la salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar críticamente el papel de los expertos en el sistema de salud de los Estados Unidos.
- Abogar por un cambio hacia la competencia y la responsabilidad del consumidor en la reforma de la atención médica.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la estructura del sistema de salud estadounidense y suposiciones políticas.
- Examen de los temas históricos de la autoridad individual en la sociedad estadounidense.
- Revisión de la literatura sobre las funciones de los expertos y la participación de los consumidores en la atención médica.
Principales resultados:
- No se apoya la suposición de que los expertos pueden administrar efectivamente el sistema de atención médica para los consumidores.
- La autoridad y responsabilidad individual, un tema clave estadounidense, se aplica insuficientemente en el cuidado de la salud.
- La actual política de salud no empodera adecuadamente a los consumidores.
Conclusiones:
- La reforma de la atención médica en los Estados Unidos debe priorizar la competencia y la responsabilidad del consumidor.
- La transferencia de autoridad a individuos informados es esencial para un sistema de salud más eficaz.
- Repensar el papel del experto y mejorar la agencia del paciente son cruciales para la futura política de salud.
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