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Genes, patentes y desarrollo de productos.

R S Eisenberg1

  • 1University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor 48109.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 14, 1992
PubMed
Resumen

Los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud (NIH) patentaron más de 2750 secuencias de ADN. Los comentarios de la industria sugieren que esta estrategia puede obstaculizar el desarrollo de productos en lugar de alentar la inversión en nuevas biotecnologías.

Palabras clave:
Investigaciones biomédicas y conductuales.Genética y reproducción.Proyecto del genoma humano Proyecto del genoma humanoInstitutos Nacionales de la Salud de los Estados Unidos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biotecnología La biotecnología es la biotecnología.
  • Derecho de la Propiedad Intelectual Derecho de la Propiedad Intelectual
  • Investigación genómica en la investigación genómica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud (NIH) han presentado numerosas solicitudes de patente para secuencias de ADN complementario parcial (ADNc).
  • Estas secuencias son de función desconocida, lo que plantea preguntas sobre la justificación de la patentación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para evaluar la lógica detrás de la estrategia del NIH de patentar secuencias parciales de ADNc.
  • Evaluar el impacto potencial de esta estrategia en la inversión del sector privado y el desarrollo de productos.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de la lógica de presentación de patentes del NIH.
  • Revisión de las declaraciones de la industria con respecto al impacto de las estrategias de patentes.

Principales resultados:

  • La estrategia de los NIH se basa en la premisa de que los derechos de patente ofrecen monopolios efectivos y que la exclusividad alternativa no es factible.
  • Los representantes de la industria han expresado su preocupación de que el enfoque de patentes del NIH pueda disuadir, en lugar de promover, el desarrollo de productos.

Conclusiones:

  • Las premisas que apoyan la estrategia de patentes del NIH están sujetas a dudas.
  • La efectividad de la estrategia para promover la innovación y el desarrollo de productos es cuestionable en base a los comentarios de la industria.