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Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

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Published on: August 25, 2017

Aumento del ozono sobre el Océano Atlántico.

J Lelieveld1, J van Aardenne, H Fischer

  • 1Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55218 Mainz, Germany. lelieveld@mpch-mainz.mpg.de

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 15, 2004
PubMed
Resumen

Las mediciones de ozono transportadas por barcos revelan pequeñas tendencias en el hemisferio norte, pero aumentos significativos, hasta el doble, en latitudes bajas y en el hemisferio sur. Este aumento del ozono está relacionado con el aumento de las emisiones de óxidos de nitrógeno del uso de energía en África.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química de la atmósfera La química de la atmósfera
  • Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
  • Monitoreo del medio ambiente El monitoreo del medio ambiente.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El ozono (O3) es un componente crucial de la atmósfera, influyendo en la calidad del aire y el clima.
  • Comprender las tendencias a largo plazo del ozono es vital para evaluar los cambios ambientales.
  • Estudios anteriores indicaron variaciones regionales en los niveles de ozono, pero los datos completos a largo plazo de las regiones oceánicas eran limitados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para analizar las mediciones de ozono a bordo de buques sobre el Océano Atlántico desde 1977 hasta 2002.
  • Para identificar y cuantificar las tendencias del ozono (O3) en diferentes bandas latitudinales.
  • Investigar los factores potenciales detrás de las tendencias observadas en el ozono, particularmente en regiones con muestras insuficientes.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó datos de observación a bordo de buques recogidos sobre el Océano Atlántico.
  • Se analizaron las concentraciones de ozono (O3) durante un período de 26 años (1977-2002).
  • Tendencias correlacionadas de la capa de ozono con fuentes de emisión potenciales, incluidos los óxidos de nitrógeno antropogénicos (NOx).

Principales resultados:

  • Se observaron tendencias mínimas de ozono (O3) en las latitudes medias del norte.
  • Se han documentado aumentos sustanciales en el ozono cercano a la superficie (O3), hasta un factor de dos, en latitudes bajas y en el hemisferio sur.
  • Se identificó una fuerte correlación entre el aumento de las emisiones antropogénicas de óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx) del uso de energía en África y el aumento de los niveles de ozono en estas regiones.

Conclusiones:

  • Las emisiones antropogénicas de óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx), particularmente del uso de energía en África, son un factor importante del aumento del ozono (O3) en latitudes bajas y en el hemisferio sur.
  • Las tendencias del ozono muestran fuertes disparidades regionales, lo que pone de relieve el impacto de las fuentes de emisión localizadas en la composición atmosférica global.
  • El monitoreo continuo del ozono y sus precursores es esencial para comprender y mitigar la contaminación atmosférica.