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Papel de los subtipos de receptores NMDA en el gobierno de la dirección de la plasticidad sináptica del hipocampo
Lidong Liu1, Tak Pan Wong, Mario F Pozza
1Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 15, 2004
Resumen
Los distintos receptores de N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDAR) controlan la plasticidad sináptica. Los NMDAR que contienen NR2B son cruciales para la depresión a largo plazo (LTD), mientras que los NMDAR que contienen NR2A son esenciales para la potenciación a largo plazo (LTP).
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La plasticidad sináptica.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- La potenciación a largo plazo (LTP) y la depresión a largo plazo (LTD) en las sinapsis CA1 del hipocampo son cruciales para el aprendizaje y la memoria.
- Los receptores de N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDAR) son esenciales tanto para LTP como para LTD, pero los mecanismos que determinan sus funciones opuestas no están claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las funciones específicas de las diferentes subunidades de NMDAR en la determinación de la polaridad de la plasticidad sináptica.
- Aclarar cómo la activación de NMDAR conduce a formas opuestas de plasticidad sináptica.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó preparaciones de rebanadas del hipocampo.
- Bloqueo selectivo empleado de NMDARs que contienen subunidades específicas (NR2A y NR2B).
- Evaluó el impacto en la inducción de LTP y LTD.
Principales resultados:
- El bloqueo selectivo de los NMDARs que contienen NR2B abolió la inducción de LTD pero no afectó a LTP.
- La inhibición preferencial de los NMDARs que contienen NR2A impidió la inducción de LTP sin afectar a LTD.
- Se demostró que distintas subunidades NMDAR dictan la dirección de la plasticidad sináptica.
Conclusiones:
- Los NMDARs que contienen NR2B son críticos para LTD.
- Los NMDARs que contienen NR2A son críticos para la LTP.
- La composición de la subunidad NMDAR es un determinante clave de la polaridad de la plasticidad sináptica.
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