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Enrutamiento de series de picos por circuitos dinámicos en el hipocampo
Frédéric Pouille1, Massimo Scanziani
1Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0357, USA.
Nature
|June 1, 2004
Resumen
La inhibición recurrente en el cerebro cambia rápidamente de ubicación durante las explosiones de potencial de acción. Este cambio, de soma a dendritas, está controlado por distintos circuitos neuronales que responden al inicio del estallido y la velocidad de disparo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La neurociencia computacional es una neurociencia computacional.
- La neurociencia celular es la neurociencia celular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los bucles inhibidores recurrentes son circuitos neuronales fundamentales en el sistema nervioso central.
- Las reglas fisiológicas precisas que rigen su actividad, especialmente durante patrones de disparo complejos, siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar la regulación espacial dinámica de la inhibición recurrente en respuesta a las explosiones de potencial de acción.
- Identificar los distintos circuitos inhibidores y sus propiedades responsables de este cambio dinámico.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron grabaciones somáticas y dendríticas simultáneas en rodajas de hipocampo de rata.
- El análisis se centró en la actividad neuronal durante una serie de potenciales de acción en las células piramidales.
Principales resultados:
- La inhibición recurrente cambió rápidamente de la soma a las dendritas apicales durante las series de potenciales de acción.
- Se reclutaron secuencialmente dos circuitos inhibidores distintos: uno para el inicio del estallido (somático/perisomático) y otro para la velocidad de disparo (dendritas apicales).
- Estos circuitos son el resultado de la interacción de las propiedades pre y postsinápticas de las sinapsis excitatorias con las interneuronas inhibidoras.
Conclusiones:
- El cerebro controla dinámicamente la ubicación de la inhibición recurrente en función de las características de la explosión del potencial de acción.
- Los circuitos neuronales codifican selectivamente el inicio del estallido y la velocidad de disparo en patrones inhibidores espaciales distintos.
- Esto proporciona un nuevo mecanismo para el procesamiento de información dentro de los circuitos del hipocampo.
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