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La toxoplasmosis es una enfermedad de la toxoplasmosis
1Department of Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 15, 2004
Resumen
Toxoplasma gondii, un parásito común, causa infecciones a través de alimentos contaminados o carne poco cocida. Esta revisión actualiza las estrategias de manejo para varios grupos de pacientes, incluidas las mujeres embarazadas y las personas inmunocomprometidas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Parasitología Médica.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Toxoplasma gondii infecta a una porción significativa de la población mundial.
- La adquisición se produce a través de alimentos / agua contaminados o carne poco cocida.
- Las infecciones van desde asintomáticas hasta daños fetales graves o encefalitis en individuos inmunocomprometidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una visión general y actualización sobre el manejo de la toxoplasmosis.
- Para discutir las estrategias de prevención y la investigación actual.
- Para cubrir diversas poblaciones de pacientes, incluidas mujeres embarazadas, bebés con infección congénita e individuos inmunocomprometidos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura y síntesis de los conocimientos actuales sobre la toxoplasmosis.
- Discusión de los enfoques de diagnóstico, incluida la detección directa y las técnicas serológicas.
- Evaluación de los regímenes terapéuticos, en particular la pirimetamina con sulfadiazina y ácido folínico.
Principales resultados:
- La infección primaria es a menudo subclínica, pero puede conducir a linfadenopatía o enfermedad ocular.
- La toxoplasmosis congénita plantea graves riesgos para el feto.
- La reactivación en pacientes inmunocomprometidos puede causar encefalitis potencialmente mortal.
Conclusiones:
- El manejo efectivo de la toxoplasmosis requiere enfoques personalizados para diferentes grupos de pacientes.
- Se destacan las controversias con respecto a la prevención en mujeres embarazadas.
- Se presentan las futuras direcciones de investigación en la toxoplasmosis.
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