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El estado redox oxidado del glutatión en el retículo endoplasmático

C Hwang¹, A J Sinskey, H F Lodish

¹Department of Biology, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02142.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 11, 1992

Resumen

El glutatión actúa como el principal amortiguador redox en la vía secretora, manteniendo un entorno más oxidativo que el citosol. Esta compartimentación puede implicar el transporte específico de disulfuro de glutatión en el retículo endoplasmático.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología celular Biología celular.
La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Biología redox Biología redox.

Sus antecedentes:

El lumen del retículo endoplasmático (ER) requiere un entorno oxidativo para el plegamiento adecuado de las proteínas y la formación de enlaces disulfuro.
Los mecanismos específicos que mantienen este distinto estado redox dentro de la ER, en comparación con el citosol reductor, no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el estado redox de la vía secretora.
Para identificar el mayor búfer redox dentro de la sala de emergencias.
Para explorar los mecanismos potenciales para la compartimentación redox de ER.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó un péptido sensible al redox (N-Acetil-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Cys-NH2) para sondear la luz ER.
Modificaciones de péptidos analizados (glicosilación, intercambio de tiol-disulfuro) para evaluar las condiciones redox.
Los estados redox medidos del glutatión (razones GSH/GSSG) en la vía secretora y el citosol.
Investigó el transporte de glutatión a los microsomas en un sistema libre de células.

Principales resultados:

Identificó el glutatión como el tampón redox predominante en la vía secretora, con péptidos glucosilados que forman enlaces disulfuro con él.
Se determinó que el estado redox de la vía secretora es significativamente más oxidativo (relación GSH/GSSG 1:1 a 3:1) que el citosol (relación GSH/GSSG 30:1 a 100:1).
Se ha demostrado el transporte libre de células del glutatión citosólico en la lumen ER.

Conclusiones:

El glutatión es el principal amortiguador redox en la vía secretora.
El lumen ER mantiene un ambiente redox distinto y más oxidativo en comparación con el citosol.
El transporte preferencial de disulfuro de glutatión (GSSG) en el lumen ER puede contribuir a establecer y mantener esta compartimentación redox.

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