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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Concepts and Prototypes01:24

Concepts and Prototypes

The human nervous system handles vast amounts of information by translating sensory stimuli into neural impulses, which the brain processes, creating thoughts expressed through language or stored as memories. The brain also synthesizes information from emotions and memories, which significantly influence thoughts and behaviors. This intricate process creates a comprehensive mental picture.
The brain organizes this information using concepts, which are mental categories grouping linguistic data,...
Language01:16

Language

Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs. “eh”). Phonemes combine to...
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
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Published on: February 8, 2019

Precursores conceptuales del lenguaje.

Susan J Hespos1, Elizabeth S Spelke

  • 1Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA. s.hespos@vanderbilt.edu

Nature
|July 23, 2004
PubMed
Resumen

Los bebés aprenden los significados de las palabras conectando el lenguaje con conceptos preexistentes. Este estudio muestra que los niños de 5 meses distinguen entre sí.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
  • La lingüística es la lingüística de las lenguas.
  • Ciencias Cognitivas Ciencias Cognitivas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los bebés aprenden selectivamente las distinciones de sonido específicas del idioma.
  • Este proceso involucra propiedades del sistema auditivo, no mecanismos específicos del lenguaje.
  • La sensibilidad a los sonidos no nativos disminuye en el primer año.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigue si un proceso de aprendizaje selectivo similar rige la adquisición del significado de las palabras.
  • Examinar la sensibilidad de los bebés a las distinciones conceptuales no presentes en su lengua materna.
  • Explore el vínculo entre el aprendizaje temprano de palabras y las representaciones conceptuales preexistentes.

Principales métodos:

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  • Estudió a bebés de 5 meses de edad en un entorno de habla inglesa.
  • Sensibilidad evaluada a la distinción coreana de ajuste 'apretado' vs. ajuste 'flojo'.
  • Analizó las respuestas infantiles a un continuo de acciones de movimiento-en-contacto.

Principales resultados:

  • Los bebés detectaron la distinción conceptual entre el ajuste "estrecho" y el ajuste "flojo".
  • Categorizaban las acciones en ajuste 'estrecho' y 'bajo', reflejando a los hablantes coreanos.
  • Esta sensibilidad no se observó en adultos de habla inglesa.

Conclusiones:

  • El aprendizaje de la palabra infantil puede implicar la vinculación de las formas lingüísticas a las representaciones conceptuales universales y preexistentes.
  • La sensibilidad a las distinciones conceptuales está vinculada a las representaciones de la mecánica de objetos compartidas entre las especies.
  • La adquisición temprana del lenguaje se basa en las capacidades cognitivas y perceptivas fundamentales.