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Una visión general de las intervenciones para mejorar el cumplimiento del mantenimiento de citas para los servicios
W M Macharia1, G Leon, B H Rowe
1Design, Measurement, and Evaluation Program, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA
|April 1, 1992
Resumen
El cumplimiento de la cita del paciente se puede mejorar utilizando recordatorios y estrategias de participación del paciente. Las intervenciones como los recordatorios enviados por correo, las llamadas telefónicas y las indicaciones del médico reducen efectivamente las citas perdidas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Servicios de salud Servicios de salud Investigación Investigación.
- Ciencias del comportamiento Ciencias del comportamiento.
- La informática médica es la informática médica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El incumplimiento de las citas por parte de los pacientes es un obstáculo significativo para la prestación efectiva de atención médica.
- Mejorar la asistencia a los exámenes de detección, derivaciones y visitas a la clínica es crucial para los resultados de los pacientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar cuantitativamente la efectividad de varias estrategias para mejorar el cumplimiento del paciente con las citas de atención médica a través de un metanálisis de ensayos aleatorizados.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de la literatura de las bases de datos MEDLINE y PSYCHLIT.
- Se incluyeron ensayos aleatorizados con datos cuantitativos sobre intervenciones para mejorar la asistencia a las citas para la atención supervisada.
- La extracción y el análisis de los datos utilizando odds ratios (ORs) agrupados fueron realizados por dos revisores independientes.
Principales resultados:
- La tasa promedio de cumplimiento del paciente fue del 58%.
- Los recordatorios enviados por correo (OR, 2.2) y las indicaciones telefónicas (OR, 2.9) redujeron significativamente las citas rotas.
- Otras estrategias efectivas incluyeron declaraciones de orientación (OR, 2.9), contratación de pacientes (OR, 1.9) y indicaciones del médico (OR, 1.6).
Conclusiones:
- Estrategias como recordatorios enviados por correo, llamadas telefónicas y recordatorios al médico pueden reducir efectivamente las citas perdidas.
- La orientación del paciente y la contratación también son intervenciones valiosas para mejorar la adherencia a las citas de atención médica.
- Estos hallazgos son aplicables a entornos clínicos donde el mantenimiento de citas es una medida confiable del cumplimiento del paciente.
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