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Frentes de desprendimiento y el inicio de la fricción dinámica
Shmuel M Rubinstein1, Gil Cohen, Jay Fineberg
1The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel.
Nature
|August 27, 2004
Resumen
El inicio del deslizamiento de fricción se rige por tres frentes similares a grietas. El frente más lento domina la ruptura de la interfaz, evitando que el bloque se deslice hasta que se propague por completo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física Física es la física de las cosas.
- Tribología Tribología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La dinámica de la fricción, particularmente el inicio del deslizamiento, sigue siendo incompletamente entendida a pesar de siglos de estudio.
- La transición de la fricción estática a la dinámica es crucial en diversos campos como la física, la tribología y la mecánica sísmica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los mecanismos que rigen el inicio del deslizamiento por fricción.
- Para identificar y caracterizar los frentes parecidos a grietas involucrados en la ruptura de la interfaz de fricción.
Principales métodos:
- Visualización en tiempo real del área de contacto de la red en la interfaz entre dos bloques.
- Análisis de frentes coherentes similares a grietas que se propagan a lo largo de la interfaz.
Principales resultados:
- Tres tipos distintos de frentes coherentes parecidos a grietas gobiernan el inicio del deslizamiento por fricción.
- Dos frentes se propagan a velocidades subsónicas e intersónicas, mientras que un tercer frente, significativamente más lento, domina la ruptura de la interfaz.
- El movimiento general del bloque (deslizamiento) depende de la travesía completa de la interfaz por uno de los dos frentes más lentos.
Conclusiones:
- El inicio del deslizamiento por fricción es un proceso complejo impulsado por la propagación frontal similar a una grieta.
- Un frente de movimiento lento previamente subestimado juega un papel dominante en la iniciación del deslizamiento.
- Comprender estos frentes es clave para comprender la fricción y los fenómenos relacionados.
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